Browsing by Author "Castro-Giraldez, Marta"

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Determination of hydration kinetic of pinto beans: A hyperspectral images application.
(Elsevier, 2024-03) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Chavez, Segundo G.; Miano, Alberto Claudio; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro J.; Arteaga, Hubert; Castro, Wilson Manuel
Hydration is a typical operation applied to legumes before cooking, reducing time and the associated energy cost. To monitor the process, mass balance method is the most used methodology, despite this method is destructive, repetitive, and time-consuming. For that reason. hyperspectral techniques are presented as an alternative for assessing the hydration process since it is a noninvasive method. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the technique of hyperspectral imaging for studying the hydration kinetics of pinto beans. For this purpose, a sample of pinto beans was hydrated in distilled water, determining moisture content during the process and taking hyperspectral images by reflectance mode, in the range 400 to 800 nm until constant mass. The moisture content was modelled using Peleg and a sigmoidal model. Next, the images were pre-treated and the median spectral profile for each bean was obtained. Then, a regression model was fitted, using the wavelength that maximized the coefficient of determination (R2) and minimized the root mean square error (RMSE). The results show that Peleg model fit experimental data with R2 in the range of 0.974 to 0.989 while sigmoidal model of 0.997 to 0.999. On other hand, mean spectral profiles at 632 nm and sigmoidal model give the higher metrics 0.997 and 38.3 for R2 and RMSE respectively. The results showed that hyperspectral imaging in reflectance mode is a tool capable of measuring the hydration level of beans with higher performance at 632 nm, with a determination coefficient R2 higher than 0.98.
Development of a methodology to categorize poultry meat affected by deep pectoral myopathy
(Blackwell Publishing, 2021-01) Traffano-Schiffo, María Victoria; Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito-Suñer, Pedro J.
The growth of poultry production has led to an increase in the incidence of internal defects in chicken and turkey broilers, such as Deep Pectoral Myopathy (DPM). DPM is an ischemic hemorrhage or necrosis caused by the inadequate blood supply of Pectoralis minor and major muscles. Currently, visual appearance is the only parameter used to categorize the damage level. The aim of this research was to develop a scientific methodology to determine the level of damage in poultry breast tenders affected by this myopathy. For this purpose, microstructure, pH, protein and ion contents, and color were studied. Results allowed identifying three damage levels: normal, hemorrhagic samples with hematomas and blood clots, and necrotic tissues, based on significant variables (p < .05) measured in Pectoralis minor (pH, L* and a*), where muscles with myopathy presented L* values lower than 47, and necrotic muscles presented pH values higher than 6.05.
Dielectric spectroscopy for the prediction of pork quality during the post-mortem time
(Elsevier, 2025-08) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Peralta, Magaly; Medina, Sideli; Arteaga, Hubert; Oblitas, Jimy; Chavez, Segundo G.; Castro, Wilson Manuel; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro Juan
Dielectric spectroscopy was used in this study to predict and classify pork quality during the post-mortem time. Eighty ~1 kg- longissimus dorsi muscles were collected and stored at 4 ± 1 ◦C and pH, instrumental color, and dielectric properties (ε’ and ε’’) were subsequently determined in the microwave range (0.5–9 GHz) at 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 24 h post-mortem (hpm), as well as moisture at 8 hpm and drip weight loss at 24 hpm. Of the 80 pork samples, two types of meat were found. RFN (33) and DFD (47) between males and females. Quality parameters: RFN (pH=5.708–5.714; L*=43.341–43.692; moisture (%) = 68.857–69.604; drip loss = 1.655–1.833) and DFD (pH=6.154–6.177; L*=40.152–41.91; moisture (%) = 69.032–69.9; drip loss = 1.129–1.693). Quality parameter predictions during muscle-to-meat transformation showed R² of 0.743 (pH), 0.811 (L*) and 0.603 (C*) for DFD meats with PLSR (full) and R2 of 0.359 (pH), 0.558 (L*) and 0.284 (C*) for RNF meats with PLSR (optimized) from male pigs. R2 cv of 0.412–0.637 for pH, L* and c* for RFN and DFD meats from female pigs with PLSR (optimized). Dielectric spectroscopy predicts pork quality moderately well, but models that are more robust are needed to improve predictions of internal pork quality.
Impact of Magnetic Biostimulation and Environmental Conditions on the Agronomic Quality and Bioactive Composition of INIA 601 Purple Maize
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2025-06) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Lobato, Cesar; Zirena Vilca, Franz; Huamán-Castilla, Nils Leander; Castro, Wilson Manuel; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro J.; Chavez, Segundo G.; Arteaga, Hubert
The utilization of magnetic fields in agricultural contexts has been demonstrated to exert a beneficial effect on various aspects of crop development, including germination, growth, and yield. The present study investigates the impact of magnetic biostimulation on seeds of purple maize (Zea mays L.), variety INIA 601, cultivated in Cajamarca, Peru, with a particular focus on their physical characteristics, yield, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity. The results demonstrated that seeds treated with pulsed (8 mT at 30 Hz for 30 min) and static (50 mT for 30 min) magnetic fields exhibited significantly longer cobs (16.89 and 16.53 cm, respectively) compared with the untreated control (15.79 cm). Furthermore, the application of these magnetic fields resulted in enhanced antioxidant activity in the bract, although the untreated samples exhibited higher values (110.56 µg/mL) compared with the pulsed (91.82 µg/mL) and static (89.61 µg/mL) treatments. The geographical origin of the samples had a significant effect on the physical development and the amount of total phenols, especially the antioxidant activity in the coronet and bract. Furthermore, a total of fourteen phenols were identified in various parts of the purple maize, with procyanidin B2 found in high concentrations in the bract and crown. Conversely, epicatechin, kaempferol, vanillin, and resveratrol were found in lower concentrations. These findings underscore the phenolic diversity of INIA 601 purple maize and its potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries, suggesting that magnetic biostimulation could be an effective tool to improve the nutritional and antioxidant properties of crops.
Impact of Magnetic Biostimulation and Environmental Conditions on the Agronomic Quality and Bioactive Composition of INIA 601 Purple Maize
(MDPI, 2025-06) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Lobato, César; Zirena Vilca, Franz; Huamán-Castilla, Nils Leander; Castro, Wilson; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro J.; Chavez, Segundo G.; Arteaga, Hubert
The utilization of magnetic fields in agricultural contexts has been demonstrated to exert a beneficial effect on various aspects of crop development, including germination, growth, and yield. The present study investigates the impact of magnetic biostimulation on seeds of purple maize (Zea mays L.), variety INIA 601, cultivated in Cajamarca, Peru, with a particular focus on their physical characteristics, yield, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity. The results demonstrated that seeds treated with pulsed (8 mT at 30 Hz for 30 min) and static (50 mT for 30 min) magnetic fields exhibited significantly longer cobs (16.89 and 16.53 cm, respectively) compared with the untreated control (15.79 cm). Furthermore, the application of these magnetic fields resulted in enhanced antioxidant activity in the bract, although the untreated samples exhibited higher values (110.56 μg/mL) compared with the pulsed (91.82 μg/mL) and static (89.61 μg/mL) treatments. The geographical origin of the samples had a significant effect on the physical development and the amount of total phenols, especially the antioxidant activity in the coronet and bract. Furthermore, a total of fourteen phenols were identified in various parts of the purple maize, with procyanidin B2 found in high concentrations in the bract and crown. Conversely, epicatechin, kaempferol, vanillin, and resveratrol were found in lower concentrations. These findings underscore the phenolic diversity of INIA 601 purple maize and its potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries, suggesting that magnetic biostimulation could be an effective tool to improve the nutritional and antioxidant properties of crops.
Non-invasive monitoring of goldenberry freezing using infrared thermography and radiofrequency dielectric spectroscopy.
(Elsevier, 2025-07) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Castro, Wilson Manuel; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro Juan
This study presents a non-invasive monitoring system combining infrared thermography and radiofrequency dielectric spectroscopy to characterize the freezing behavior of goldenberry (Physalis peruviana). The system enabled simultaneous acquisition of surface temperature profiles, internal dielectric responses, and emissivity changes during freezing at − 40 ◦C. Thermal imaging revealed distinct freezing stages, including subcooling, ice nucleation, and vitrification, with emissivity decreasing to 0.837 during initial dehydration and increasing to 0.951 near the glass transition (− 35.8 ◦C). Emissivity variations revealed key thermal transitions, while dielectric measurements identified α- and β-dispersions linked to ionic straight and surface tension of ice Ih formation, with relaxation frequencies decreasing progressively as freezing advanced. The integration of both techniques allowed the detection of critical phase transitions, including the onset and completion of ice crystallization, supported by differential scanning calorimetry. These findings provide insight into structural changes and water mobility in high-moisture fruits, enabling real-time assessment of freezing kinetics. The approach demonstrates significant potential for optimizing industrial freezing protocols, improving the preservation of delicate fruits by minimizing structural damage and degradation of bioactive compounds.
Thermodynamic model and infrared thermography monitoring system for convective drying of goldenberry (Physalis peruviana)
(Elsevier, 2025-08) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Castro, W.; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro J.
The goldenberry (Physalis peruviana) is a highly perishable Andean fruit with valuable nutritional and functional properties. Its preservation poses a challenge due to its high moisture content. This study presents an integrated method combining infrared thermography (IR) and irreversible thermodynamics to characterize the convective drying process of goldenberry.Samples were dried at 60 ◦C and 1.0 m/s air velocity. Weight loss, surface temperature, and water activity were recorded over 13 h using thermocouples, precision balances, and IR imaging. An irreversible thermodynamic model was applied to estimate water flux, free energy changes, and chemical potential gradients, including mechanical energy effects. The phenomenological coefficient from Onsager’s relation was correlated with water flux to describe internal water migration. IR thermography enabled real-time, non-invasive monitoring of temperature and emissivity, correlating with morphological changes during drying. Sorption isotherms were fitted using the GAB model, and thermodynamic analysis allowed separation of physical and mechanical contributions to water potential. This approach provides a deeper understanding of moisture transport during drying and demonstrates the usefulness of combining IR monitoring with thermodynamic modeling. It offers a promising tool for optimizing drying protocols in high-moisture tropical fruits like goldenberry