Browsing by Author "Fito, Pedro J."

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Determination of hydration kinetic of pinto beans: A hyperspectral images application.
(Elsevier, 2024-03) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Chavez, Segundo G.; Miano, Alberto Claudio; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro J.; Arteaga, Hubert; Castro, Wilson Manuel
Hydration is a typical operation applied to legumes before cooking, reducing time and the associated energy cost. To monitor the process, mass balance method is the most used methodology, despite this method is destructive, repetitive, and time-consuming. For that reason. hyperspectral techniques are presented as an alternative for assessing the hydration process since it is a noninvasive method. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the technique of hyperspectral imaging for studying the hydration kinetics of pinto beans. For this purpose, a sample of pinto beans was hydrated in distilled water, determining moisture content during the process and taking hyperspectral images by reflectance mode, in the range 400 to 800 nm until constant mass. The moisture content was modelled using Peleg and a sigmoidal model. Next, the images were pre-treated and the median spectral profile for each bean was obtained. Then, a regression model was fitted, using the wavelength that maximized the coefficient of determination (R2) and minimized the root mean square error (RMSE). The results show that Peleg model fit experimental data with R2 in the range of 0.974 to 0.989 while sigmoidal model of 0.997 to 0.999. On other hand, mean spectral profiles at 632 nm and sigmoidal model give the higher metrics 0.997 and 38.3 for R2 and RMSE respectively. The results showed that hyperspectral imaging in reflectance mode is a tool capable of measuring the hydration level of beans with higher performance at 632 nm, with a determination coefficient R2 higher than 0.98.
Impact of Magnetic Biostimulation and Environmental Conditions on the Agronomic Quality and Bioactive Composition of INIA 601 Purple Maize
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2025-06) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Lobato, Cesar; Zirena Vilca, Franz; Huamán-Castilla, Nils Leander; Castro, Wilson Manuel; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro J.; Chavez, Segundo G.; Arteaga, Hubert
The utilization of magnetic fields in agricultural contexts has been demonstrated to exert a beneficial effect on various aspects of crop development, including germination, growth, and yield. The present study investigates the impact of magnetic biostimulation on seeds of purple maize (Zea mays L.), variety INIA 601, cultivated in Cajamarca, Peru, with a particular focus on their physical characteristics, yield, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity. The results demonstrated that seeds treated with pulsed (8 mT at 30 Hz for 30 min) and static (50 mT for 30 min) magnetic fields exhibited significantly longer cobs (16.89 and 16.53 cm, respectively) compared with the untreated control (15.79 cm). Furthermore, the application of these magnetic fields resulted in enhanced antioxidant activity in the bract, although the untreated samples exhibited higher values (110.56 µg/mL) compared with the pulsed (91.82 µg/mL) and static (89.61 µg/mL) treatments. The geographical origin of the samples had a significant effect on the physical development and the amount of total phenols, especially the antioxidant activity in the coronet and bract. Furthermore, a total of fourteen phenols were identified in various parts of the purple maize, with procyanidin B2 found in high concentrations in the bract and crown. Conversely, epicatechin, kaempferol, vanillin, and resveratrol were found in lower concentrations. These findings underscore the phenolic diversity of INIA 601 purple maize and its potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries, suggesting that magnetic biostimulation could be an effective tool to improve the nutritional and antioxidant properties of crops.
Impact of Magnetic Biostimulation and Environmental Conditions on the Agronomic Quality and Bioactive Composition of INIA 601 Purple Maize
(MDPI, 2025-06) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Lobato, César; Zirena Vilca, Franz; Huamán-Castilla, Nils Leander; Castro, Wilson; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro J.; Chavez, Segundo G.; Arteaga, Hubert
The utilization of magnetic fields in agricultural contexts has been demonstrated to exert a beneficial effect on various aspects of crop development, including germination, growth, and yield. The present study investigates the impact of magnetic biostimulation on seeds of purple maize (Zea mays L.), variety INIA 601, cultivated in Cajamarca, Peru, with a particular focus on their physical characteristics, yield, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity. The results demonstrated that seeds treated with pulsed (8 mT at 30 Hz for 30 min) and static (50 mT for 30 min) magnetic fields exhibited significantly longer cobs (16.89 and 16.53 cm, respectively) compared with the untreated control (15.79 cm). Furthermore, the application of these magnetic fields resulted in enhanced antioxidant activity in the bract, although the untreated samples exhibited higher values (110.56 μg/mL) compared with the pulsed (91.82 μg/mL) and static (89.61 μg/mL) treatments. The geographical origin of the samples had a significant effect on the physical development and the amount of total phenols, especially the antioxidant activity in the coronet and bract. Furthermore, a total of fourteen phenols were identified in various parts of the purple maize, with procyanidin B2 found in high concentrations in the bract and crown. Conversely, epicatechin, kaempferol, vanillin, and resveratrol were found in lower concentrations. These findings underscore the phenolic diversity of INIA 601 purple maize and its potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries, suggesting that magnetic biostimulation could be an effective tool to improve the nutritional and antioxidant properties of crops.
Thermodynamic model and infrared thermography monitoring system for convective drying of goldenberry (Physalis peruviana)
(Elsevier, 2025-08) Chuquizuta Trigoso, Tony Steven; Castro, W.; Castro-Giraldez, Marta; Fito, Pedro J.
The goldenberry (Physalis peruviana) is a highly perishable Andean fruit with valuable nutritional and functional properties. Its preservation poses a challenge due to its high moisture content. This study presents an integrated method combining infrared thermography (IR) and irreversible thermodynamics to characterize the convective drying process of goldenberry.Samples were dried at 60 ◦C and 1.0 m/s air velocity. Weight loss, surface temperature, and water activity were recorded over 13 h using thermocouples, precision balances, and IR imaging. An irreversible thermodynamic model was applied to estimate water flux, free energy changes, and chemical potential gradients, including mechanical energy effects. The phenomenological coefficient from Onsager’s relation was correlated with water flux to describe internal water migration. IR thermography enabled real-time, non-invasive monitoring of temperature and emissivity, correlating with morphological changes during drying. Sorption isotherms were fitted using the GAB model, and thermodynamic analysis allowed separation of physical and mechanical contributions to water potential. This approach provides a deeper understanding of moisture transport during drying and demonstrates the usefulness of combining IR monitoring with thermodynamic modeling. It offers a promising tool for optimizing drying protocols in high-moisture tropical fruits like goldenberry